![]() After the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-29, Serbia became an internationally recognized principality under Turkish suzerainty and Russian protection, and the state expanded steadily southward. Movements for Serbian independence began more than 100 years later with uprisings under the Serbian patriots Karageorge (1804-13) and Milos Obrenovic (1815-17). When the Austrian Hapsburg armies pushed the Ottoman Turks south of the Danube in 1699, many Serbs were "liberated," but their native land was still under Ottoman rule. As a result of this oppression, Serbs began to migrate out of their native land (present-day Kosovo and southern Serbia) into other areas within the Balkan Peninsula, including what is now Vojvodina and Croatia. By 1459, the Turks exerted complete control over all Serb lands.įor more than 3 centuries-nearly 370 years-the Serbs lived under the yoke of the Ottoman sultans. However, Serbian power waned after Stefan's death in 1355, and in the Battle of Kosovo (June 15, 1389) the Serbs were catastrophically defeated by the Turks. Under Milutin's son, Stefan Dusan (1331-55), the Nemanjic dynasty reached its peak, ruling from the Danube to central Greece. Moreover, Serbia began to expand under Milutin's reign, seizing territory in nearby Macedonia from the Byzantines. Milutin also was responsible for many of the brightest examples of Medieval Serbian architecture. After a series of successions, Serbia fell under the rule of King Milutin, who improved Serbia's position among other European countries. Thus, at this time, the Serbs enjoyed both temporal and religious independence. Sava, became the first archbishop of a newly autocephalous Serbian Orthodox Church (1219). Serbia's religious foundation came several years later when Stefan's son, canonized as St. by Stefan Nemanja, the founder of the Nemanjic dynasty. The Serbian state as known today was created in 1170 A.D. Petroleum, gas, coal, antimony, copper, lead, zinc, timber, bauxite, gold, silver, navigable rivers. Suffrage:ġ6 years of age if employed universal at 18. Serbia-Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians (SVM), Christian Democratic Party of Serbia (DHSS), Civic Alliance of Serbia (GSS), Democratic Alternative (DA), Democratic Center (DC), Democratic Community of Vojvodina Hungarians (DZVM), Democratic Party (DS), Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS), League for Sumadija (LS), League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina (LSV), New Serbia (NS), Reformist Democratic Party of Vojvodina (LSV), Serbian Radical Party (SRS), Serbian Renewal Movement (SPO), Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS-former Communist Party), Yugoslav United Left (JUL) Montenegro-Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro (DPS), Liberal Alliance of Montenegro (LSCG), Party of Democratic Action (SDA), People's Party of Montenegro (NS), Social Democratic Party of Montenegro (SDP), Socialist People's Party of Montenegro (SNP). Judicial-Federal Court (Savezni Sud) and Constitutional Court. ![]() Legislative-Serbia and Montenegro union parliament. Branches:Įxecutive-president (chief of state) prime minister (head of government), Council of Ministers (cabinet). Parliament adopted a new Constitutional Charter establishing the state union of Serbia and Montenegro. Government Type:Īp(Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) formed as self-proclaimed successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia). Life expectancy-72.8 yrs., female 76.7 yrs. Orthodox 65%, Muslim 19%, Roman Catholic 4%, Protestant 1%, other 11%. Noun-Montenegrin(s) and Serb(s) adjective-Montenegrin and Serbian. In the north, continental climate (cold winter and hot, humid summers with well-distributed rainfall) central portion, continental and Mediterranean climate to the south, Adriatic climate along the coast, hot, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall inland. ![]() Varied in the north, rich fertile plains in the east, limestone ranges and basins in the southeast, mountains and hills in the southwest, high shoreline with no islands off the coast. Other cities-Pristina, Pancevo, Novi Pazar, Uzice, Novi Sad, Subotica, Bor, Nis, Tivat, Kotor. Cities:Ĭapital of Serbia and Montenegro and Capital of Serbia-Belgrade Capital of Montenegro-Podgorica. ![]() Combined, they are slightly smaller than Kentucky (102,350 sq. km.) is slightly smaller than Connecticut Serbia (88,412 sq. ![]() See the introduction to this set for explanatory notes. Compiled from the December 2005 Background Note and supplemented with additional information from the State Department and the editors of this volume. ![]()
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